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What is difference between vertical and horizontal communication

In vertical communication information are exchanged between superiors and subordinates of an organization. But in case of horizontal communication information are exchanged between the employees of same level. The major differences between vertical and horizontal communication are as follows:

Subject	Vertical communication	Horizontal communication
1.Definition	When information is exchanged between superiors and subordinates of an organization then it is known as vertical communication.	In case of horizontal communication information are exchanged of same rank of an organization.
2.Degree of formality	Vertical communication is more formal than horizontal communication.	It can use both formal and informal channels of communication.
3.Media	It may use both written & oral media, but basically uses the written media.	On the other hand this type of communication more dependent on the oral media.
4.Co-ordination	It enhances the co-ordination between superiors and subordinates.	Co-ordination between the employees of different departments increased through horizontal communication.
5.Secrecy	In this case secrecy can be maintained.	In case of horizontal communication maintaining the secrecy is difficult.
6.Time	As it follows the formal chain it takes more time to transmit messages.	As both formal and informal channels are followed, information can be exchanged faster than vertical communication.