What is Oral Communication?, Feature, Characteristics of Oral Communication

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features / Characteristics of Oral Communication

What do you mean by oral Communication?,Discuss the features / Characteristics of Oral Communication.

What do you mean by oral Communication?

Or,

Discuss the features / Characteristics of Oral Communication.

Expressing or exchanging views with others through words is known as oral communication. Oral communication can be both formal and informal.

In the words of R. Pal and Korlahalli, “ Oral communication includes face to face conversation, conversation over the telephone, radio broadcast, interviews, group discussions, meetings, ----------------------- etc. “

It should be mentioned that ‘listening’ is indispensable part of oral communication. That’s why Pro. Lesikar and Pettit rightly stated that, “ Oral communication also covered listening, which is the other half of all oral communication.

Feature / Characteristics of Oral Communication :

Flexibility :

The main feature of oral communication is, it is more flexible than any other means of communication. Oral communication or oral messages can be changed easily depending on the situation.

Immediate feedback :
Immediate feedback can be received in case of oral communication.

Takes less time :
It takes less time than written communication.

Better understanding :
Another major feature of oral communication is chance of misunderstanding is very rare; if there is any misunderstanding takes place that can be rectified immediately by asking questions.

Opportunity for correction :
In case of written or other communication messages can not be corrected immediately- but in case of oral communication it can be corrected within few seconds.

Intercultural barriers :
In case of oral communication receiver and sender exchange information freely and spontaneously. As a result presentation of message influenced by the cultural background of the respective parties.

Spontaneous :
Oral message can be pre-planed and formal, but in most of the cases oral communication made spontaneously without any planning.

Dependence on non-verbal tools :
This perhaps one of the major features of oral communication. If we think carefully we will be able to realize that oral communication takes the support of non-verbal communication to express the complete meaning.
For example, when we are talking about a good news then we not only express it through words but also express through eye & facial expressions, our tone and body movements also supports us to express the meaning completely.

       Complete                      Use of words                       > Listening

           Oral                 =               Or                          +        >  Eye expressions

Communication                    Talking                                >  Facial expressions

Ø  Tone or paralanguage

Ø  Gesture or body movements

Fig – 1 : Oral communication’s dependence on non-verbal tools (Source : Ghosal, B, Lecture note).

Even in case of conversation over telephone, Paralanguage or the pattern of voice / tone helps us to convey the meaning clearly.

Dependence on listening : Last but not the least, oral communication completely depends on listening. Without listening we can not even think of oral communication.

Tip

Keep mind for What do you mean by oral Communication? Or Discuss the features / Characteristics of Oral Communication.

1st Part : Expressing or exchanging views with others --------------

2nd Part : Definition of R. Pal & Korlahalli

3rd Part : Quotations of Prof. Lesikar & Pettit

4th Part : 

Features / Characteristics of Oral communication :

Details of the 9 Points :

1. Flexibility

2. Immediate feedback

3. Takes less time

4. Better understanding

5. Opportunity for correction

6. Intercultural barriers

7. Spontaneous

8. Dependence on non-verbal tools

9. Dependence on listening.

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Posted in: Businesscommunicationnew,characteristics of oral communication,Feature of oral communication,Major Media of Oral Communication,Oral communication,What is oral communication

What is Written Communication ?

Define written Communication

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What is Written Communication ? Or Define written Communication

What is written Communication?

Or

Define written Communication

When messages transmitted in written form then it can be stated as written communication. It is appropriate when the audience is large and immediate feedback is not required.

Prof. Thill and Bovee said that, “Written communication increases the sender’s control but eliminates the possibility of immediate feedback.” (Thill and Bovee : 1996).

In the words of R. Pal and J. S. Korlahlli, “Everything that has to be written and transmitted in the written form falls in the area of written communication.”

In the short we can say that message expressed in written from which kept as a permanent record and minimizes chances of distortion is known as written communication.

Tip

keep mind for written Communication away.

1st Part : When messages --------------------------

2nd Part : Definition of Thill and Bovee

Definition of R. Pal and J. S Korlahalli

3rd Part : In short we can

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Posted in: Businesscommunicationnew,Define Written Communication,Definition of Written Communication,Major Media of Written Communication,What is Written Communication,Written Communication

Classification of Business Communication

Types of Business Communication

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Classification of Business Communication, Types of Business Communication

Discuss the types / Classification of Business Communication.

Communication is the transfer of ideas and information from one person to another person. It is a bridge of meaning among people so that they can share what they fell and know. By using this bridge, a person can safely cross the river of misunderstanding that sometimes separates people. To make successful communication there are different methods/ ways.

Different types of communication can be depicted by the following diagram:

Communication

                             (A)                                    

                                                               Internal  Communication  > 1. Formal   2. Informal   

On the basis of Location of receive -       

                                               External Communication  > 1. Formal  2. Informal

                               (B)                             1. Written

On the basis of media of presentation       2. Oral / Verbal

                                                                 3. Non-verbal

                               (C)                       1. Vertical ---------à Upward        and    ---------à Download

On the basis of information flow        2. Horizontal

                                                          3. Cross / Diagonal

                                                  Fig. 1 : Types of Communication

                                  [Source : Bhuiyan, Jahangir Hossan, Lecture note]

(A) On the basis of location of the receiver :
Depending on the location of the receiver there are two types of communication:
1. Internal Communication, 2. External Communication

(1.) Internal Communication :

Communication among the members of an organization is know as internal communication. That is when executives and employee of an organization communicate each other within the organization then it will be labeled as internal communication

ORGANIZATION

   Fig. 2 : Internal Communicatio

[Source : S. P. Robbins lecture note]

(2) External Communication:

When executives and employees of an organization communicates or exchanges information with outsiders of the organization then it is called external communication.

Organization

Fig. 3 : External Communication

[Source : Thill and Bovee lecture note]

Formal and Informal Communication :
Both internal and external communication can be subdivided into two types:
i. Formal Communication
ii. Informal Communication

i. Formal Communication :
When information exchanged through formal organization channels by following fixed rules then it is knows as formal communication.

ii. Informal Communication:
Fixed rules and system can not prevent people from talking with each other. Thus the communication that takes place with in and outside of an organization through unofficial lines can labeled as informal communication.

(B) On the basis of media of presentation :
From this point of view communication can be of three (3) types :
(1) Written communication
(2) Oral / Verbal Communication
(3) Non-Verbal Communication

(1) Written Communication:
When information, ideas, or feelings exchange in written form, that is know as written communication. Written communication has it’s own importance and for some particular purposes it has no other alternatives.


(2) Oral / Verbal Communication :
It is a process of communication through words. Verbal communication consists of words arranged in meaningful patterns. Oral communication normally takes place in a face to face situation. It may be formal or informal.


(3) Non-Verbal Communication :
Communication without using words or writings known as non-verbal communication. In other words, non-verbal communication means communication through physical movements and facial expressions. Gestures, posture, eye movements, etc. are examples of non-verbal communication.

(C) On the Basis of Information flow :
Depending on the flow of information there are different types of communication.

(1) Vertical Communication
(2) Horizontal Communication
(3) Cross / Diagonal Communication

(1) Vertical Communication :
When communication takes place between superior and subordinates than it is known as vertical communication. Here flow of information can be of two types:
(i) Downward
(ii) Upward

(i) Downward :
it is the flow of information from higher authority to lower authority.

(ii) Upward :
Here the flow of information goes to higher authority from subordinates.

(2) Horizontal Communication :
This type of communication flows between employees of equal level.

(3) Cross / Diagonal Communication :
Communication across the formal chain of command is known as cross or diagonal communication. In this case executives and employees of different departments and of different levels communicates each other without maintaining the official channels.

(D) Other forms of Communication :
Besides the above types of communication there can be some other forms of communication like mass communication.

Mass Communication :
When communication takes place among large group of people then it can be termed as mass communication. There is no formal system for mass communication, it is situational. For different social and political purposes mass communication can takes place.

Tip

Away keep mind for Classification of business communication / types of business communication.

1st Part : Communication is the transfer of ideas ----------------------------------------

2nd Part : Classification of business communication or Types of business communication by picture.

3rd Part :

(A) On the basis of location of the receiver :

1. Internal (By Picture).

2. External (By Picture)

(i) Formal

(ii) Informal

(B) On the basis of media of presentation :

(1) Written

(2) Oral / Verbal

(3) Non-Verbal

(C) On the basis of information flow :

1. Vertical

(i) Downward

(ii) Upward

2. Horizontal –

3. Cross / Diagonal

(D) Others :

(i) Mass

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Posted in: Businesscommunicationnew,Classification of Business Communication,Classification of Communication,Tips of Business Communication,Types of Business communication

Importance of Communication in Management, Functions of management influenced by communication

Importance of Communication in Management, Functions of management influenced by               communication.

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Importance of Communication in Management Or Functions of management influenced by communication

There is saying, “Human minds are like parachutes, they don’t work until they are opened” – management try to open the minds of the employees and guide them to achieve the desired goal. But this job of management will not be possible if there is no communication.

infact communication helps to accomplish all the basic management functions – planning, organizing, leading and controlling. As a result, organizations can achieve their goals and meet their challenges. (Newstrom & Davis, 2002)

Now let us see how communication helps the function of management.

M                  Exchange of ideas                    E

A                Continuous Communication             M

N                                                                            P

A                                                                            L

G                                                                           O            Job            Better          Fulfillment   

E                                                                            Y     Satisfaction   Performance  of Target

M                                                                           E

E                         Provide Motivation                      E

N                         ]

T                        Direction & Control                        S

Fig. 3 : Influence of Communication on Management.
[Source : S. M. Rakib hasan, Lecture Notes]
The importance of communication in management can be evaluated in the following manner :
Ensure Co-ordination:
If there is no communication, employees will not be able to know what their colleagues are doing. Management will not be able to receive information and can not give directions, as a result the organization will collapse. Thus for the existence of the organization communication is essential.


Helps in Controlling:
Managers exercise controlling function when any deviation takes place. But without the help of communication deviation can not be indentified.


Assist direction:
proper direction is essential to fulfill the organizational goal. If managers can not receive required information about the proceedings then they will not be able to provide proper directions. Thus there must be a sound communication system fo receiving required information.


Supports motivation:
To motivate employees, management at first try to understand the motives and attitudes of the employees. Without communication skill others, attitude cant not be evaluated and thus proper incentives cant not be provided to motivate them.


Human resource development :
The future of the organization largely depends on the development of the human resource of the organization. It has been proved that managers having excellent communication skill can guide the human resource in proper directions.


Leadership : 
Leadership is the process of influencing and supporting others to work enthusiastically toward achieving objectives. (K. Davis : 2002). That is managers achieve goal by directing the activates of others. Thus they need to communicate with others to provide proper direction.


Decision making : 
Decision making-perhaps the most important managerial activity also depends on communication. Top management need useful information to make effective decision. Adequate and authentic information can be obtained through sound communication system.

Finally it can be said that managers can play vital role to ensure the achievement of organizational goal – but without effective communication that will turn into a nightmare.

Tip

For keep mind of Importance of Communication in Management Or Functions of management influenced by communication.

1st Part : There is a saying, “Human------------------------------------------------“
2nd Part : Picture
3rd Part : 7 Pont of Importance of Communication in Management Or Functions of management influenced           -                by communication.

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Posted in: Businesscommunicationnew,Function of management,Functions of management influenced by communication,Important of Communication in Management,Introduction

Purposes of business Communication

Objectives of business Communication

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Purposes of business Communication & Objectives of business Communication
Management of every business organization want to achieve organizational goal. The main purpose of communication is to aid management to achieve organizational goal. The other important purposes are stated below:
To make plan :
plan means to take decision what will be done in future. Sound communication system provide essential information and data to plan effectively.


To implement plan:
 Plan can be implemented on the basis of effective direction, motivation and control of the management through sound communication system.


To formulate policy:
Essential information collected from various sources to formulate proper policy. Management depends on communication channels for this purpose.

To help controlling:
 Employees are bound to perform their duties and responsibilities in time and proper way under effective control of management. Effective communication system helps management to establish control on employees.


To motivate employees: 
The communication system helps every business organization to apply effective methods of motivation, such as, declare bonus for extra production, commission for extra sales, free medical facilities etc.


To direct:
 Management often provide necessary direction to subordinates through communication channels and thus subordinates can perform their duties smoothly.


To train employees: 
 Essential professional trainings are given under sound communication system to develop the efficiency of employees.


To co-operate:
 Efficient communication system ensures mutual cooperation among management, employees, stockholders etc.


To create awareness:
 Sound communication system creates awareness among employees about their duties and responsibilities.


To improve relationship:
 Effective communication system creates good relationship between management employees and among the employees.


To exchange information:
 Internal and external parties exchange information among each other through the communication system.


To increase productivity :
 Sound communication system helps the management to increase productivity.


To increase sales: 
 Management can increase sales through various media and channel of communication.


To solve problem: 
 Proper communication helps to solve various problems, such as recruitment, promotion, transfer, etc.


To manage conflict: 
 Another objective of communication is to manage internal conflicts. Conflicts can be solved by effective communication between the concerned parties.

Fig 1 : Objectives of Business Communication.
[Source : Bhuiyan, J. Hossan, Lec. sheet]


Tips of objectives of business communication away of keep mind :
1st part : Management of every business………………………………………………
2nd Part : Figure [picture]
3rd Part : Brief of 15 points

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Posted in: Businesscommunicationnew,Introduction,Object of Business Communication,Objectives of Business Communication,Purposes of Business Communication

Features of Communication,Characteristics of Communication

Characteristics of Communication

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Features of Communication or Characteristics of Communication
Communication is a dynamic process. Information can be exchanged through communication. The basic characteristics or features of communication are as follows :
At a glance

1. Information/Messages

2. Transfer of message

3. Two or more persons

4. Media

5. Feedback

6. Specific objectives

7. Understanding

8. Barriers

9. Dynamic Process

10. Indispensable

Information/Messages :
 Information or message is the basic element of all types of communication. Communication takes place to transfer particular informational message.


Transfer of message:
 The main function of communication is to transfer particular message or information.


Two or more persons: 
Basically communication is a two way process. One person can not make successful communication. At least two persons are required to complete the communication process.


Media: 
 Without a media communication can not take place. Information can be transferred through written, verbal or non-verbal media.


Feedback:
Communication experts think that ‘no feedback-no communication’. Infect the communication cycle ends with feedback. For effective communication there must be a feedback from the receiver.


Specific objectives:
 Communication always made to satisfy a predetermined objective(s). That is in any type of communication there must be a specific purpose.


Understanding: 
 Communication must include both the transfer and understanding of messages. Only transfer of message can not complete the communication process. To be effective the transferred message must be understood by the receiver.


Barriers: 
 where there is communication there must be some kind of barriers. In real world we can not think of communication without barriers. Infact we are to make communication by overcoming the barriers.


Dynamic Process: 
 Communication is not a static process, rather it is a dynamic process which has different steps.
Indispensable: Perhaps the most important feature of communication is, if is an indispensable part of human life or social life. Without communication will be static.

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Posted in: Businesscommunicationnew,Characteristics of Communication,Features of Communication,Introduction